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KMID : 0978920100110040332
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Korean Journal of Clinical Geriatrics
2010 Volume.11 No. 4 p.332 ~ p.340
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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and DHEA-S Level Are Associated with Depression in Community-dwelling Older Women: Surveyed in One Season
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Kim Hyun-Mee
Lee Jee-Yon
Chung Ji-Youn
Lee Duk-Chul
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Abstract
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Background: Even some previous studies suggested that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to depressive disorder, the association between vitamin D deficiency and depression has been controversial. Furthermore, only few studies have done in general population. Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) is most abundant steroid hormone secreted by adrenal cortex, known to have diverse role in human includingstabilizing mood. Aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitmin D and DHEA-S and depression in community dwelling apparently healthy women.
Methods: This study conducted as a part of the Yonsei Aging Study (YAS). YAS was designed as a survey to investigate the factors related to depression, cognitive function and physical performance in community dwelling old people in Korea. A total of 136 women aged older than 60 years. Blood sample is obtained in October and November in 2008. Depressive symptoms are assessed by self-reported by Geriatric depression scale-15 (GDS-15). Depressive disorder is defined as a GDS-15 score of 7 or higher. Cognitive abilities were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Additionally, cardiometabolic risk factors, DHEA-S and 25-(OH) vitamin D level and physical performance index (by gait speed, chair stand test, and tandem standing test) were measured.
Results: The prevalence of depression was vitamin D deficiency is 46.3% in this study population. Mean values of 25(OH) vitamin D and DHEA-S (18.47±7.10 ng/mL, 52.98±31.96 μg/dL respectively) in women with depression were lower than those in normal women (22.01±8.09 ng/mL, 44.58±32.54 μg/dL respectively; P＜0.02, P=0.12 respectively). The prevalence of vitamin deficiency (25-hydroxy vitamin D ＜10 ng/mL) and vitamin insufficiency (25-hydroxy vitamin D ＜20 ng/mL) were 6.62% and 46.32% respectively. Correlation analysis showed GDS scores associated with 25-(OH) vitamin D level (r=?0.26, P＜0.005), physical performance index (r=?0.22, P＜0.01), and DHEA-S level (?0.20, P ＜0.05). Women with history of diabetes mellitus and current smoking habit had a higher prevalence of depression in statistical significance. A Multiple linear regression analysis showed that 25(OH) vitamin D level was an independent risk factor for depression after adjustment for confounding variables.
Conclusion: This study suggested that 25-hydroxy vitamin D and DHEA-S levels are the independently associated with depression in apparently healthy community-dwelling older women.
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KEYWORD
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25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-OH-Vitamin D, DHEA-S, Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, Depressive disorder, Depression
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